Essay is a short, nonfictional composition in prose that undertakes to present a writer’s opinion, discussion of a matter, analysis of a particular subject, expressing a view point, persuading to accept the subject, or entertain. The essay differs from a “treatise” or “dissertation” in its lack of pretense to be systematic and complete, and in being addressed to a general rather than a specialized audience. The essay discusses its subject in a non-technical fashion with a liberal use of figures of speech. There are 2 main kinds of essays-
- Personal/informal essays(style is conversational and casual)
- Formal essays(serious and carefully organized)
Personal Essays- Personal essays were originated by MICHEL DE MONTAIGNE, a French writer of the 1500’s, the first writer to establish essay as a distinct form of literature. Montaigne called his collection Essais meaning trials or attempts meant to indicate tentative and unsystematic, exploratory and informal nature. The Author assumes a tone of intimacy with his audience and is self revelatory, relaxed or whimsical. Personal essays comprise-
- Composed, clear, compact, spontaneous writing style
- Opinions and tastes of people and events in their lives
- Interesting insights with wit and humor
- Aggressive, critical, colorful attitude
- Bitterly attack social injustice and power politics
Formal Essays- Formal essays were developed by SIR FRANCIS BACON in the mid 1500’s-early 1600’s inaugurated the English use of the term in his own essays, a collection of 10 essays explaining how to lead a sensible life. One of the finest examples is Areopagitica by JOHN MILTON. JOSEPH ADDISON and SIR RICHARD STEELE’s modified the essay into a standard modern vehicle through theTatler and Spectator. The Author writes as an authority and expounds the subject in an orderly manner. Formal essays comprise-
- Short, impersonal and informative
- Discussing death, fear, truth, wealth, morals, philosophy, art and cinema.
- Extremely critical, frank, spontaneous yet logically organized.
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